{"id":100,"date":"2020-10-05T15:22:43","date_gmt":"2020-10-05T15:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/?p=100"},"modified":"2020-10-05T15:24:02","modified_gmt":"2020-10-05T15:24:02","slug":"almak-ya-da-almamak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/?p=100","title":{"rendered":"Almak ya da almamak"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>ALMAK YA DA ALMAMAK: UYUSTURUCU VE YENI HAYAT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gelirde oldu\u011fu gibi ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na kokain kullan\u0131m\u0131nda da d\u00fcnyada birinci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. Kokainin en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 \u015fehir aras\u0131nda tam 5 \u0130svi\u00e7re \u015fehri bulunuyor: Barselona`dan sonra ikinci s\u0131rada Z\u00fcrih, 4. Ve 5. s\u0131rada St. Gallen ve Cenevre. Onlar\u0131 8. Ve 9. s\u0131ra ile Basel ve Bern izliyor. Kokainde ilk s\u0131rada olmas\u0131na bakmay\u0131n. Bunu ekonomik nedenler ile a\u00e7\u0131klamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Kokain pahal\u0131 bir uyu\u015fturucu ve iyi bir gelir durumunu gerektiriyor. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin \u00fclkelerinden biri olan \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin bu listede en \u00fcste olmas\u0131na \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmamak gerekir. Ama olay sadece kokain de\u011fil.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re uyu\u015fturucuya kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ve bilgilendirme kurumu madde kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, pahal\u0131 ya da ucuz, her alanda art\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor. Buna ek olarak sadece kokainin de\u011fil art\u0131k her t\u00fcrl\u00fc uyu\u015fturucu maddenin rahatl\u0131kla elde edilebilece\u011fini raporuna ekliyor. Sorun burada da bitmiyor. Sadece illegal say\u0131lan maddeler de\u011fil, ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer maddelerden geri durmuyor. Art\u0131k temesta, xanax, ritalin leblebi gibi insanlar\u0131n ceplerinde dola\u015f\u0131yor. Korku, kayg\u0131, uyku sorunlar\u0131 ile kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z doktor sizi dinlemek, nedenlerini anlamak yerine elinize temesta ya da xanaxi tutu\u015fturuyor. Ritalin ya da benzeri dikkati art\u0131racak ila\u00e7lar\u0131 en \u00e7ok kullananlar listesinde, dikkat eksikli\u011fi ve hiperaktivite sorunu olan \u00e7ocuklardan sonra \u00fcniversite k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerinde ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenciler, y\u00fcksek performans isteyen islerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar en \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ne olacak bu memleketin hali?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir\u00e7ok psikolojik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerin \u00e7ocukluk oldu\u011funu, bu anlam\u0131 ile sorumlusunun anne-baba ili\u015fkilerinde yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek i\u00e7in bir psikolog olman\u0131za nas\u0131l gerek yoksa, memleketin halini anlamak ve uyu\u015fturucu kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neden bat\u0131 Avrupa ve kuzey Amerika \u00fclkelerinde oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in de sosyolog ya da siyaset bilimcisi olman\u0131za da gerek yok. Kald\u0131 ki, bu sorun art\u0131k evrenselle\u015fmekte. Di\u011fer yandan uyu\u015fturucu olmasa da alkol kullan\u0131m\u0131nda bat\u0131 Avrupa ile yar\u0131\u015fan do\u011fu Avrupa ve Asya \u00fclkeleri bulunmakta.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Memleketin halini bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131p nedenlerinin arkas\u0131na bakmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131mda ilk akl\u0131mdan ge\u00e7en \u0130ran k\u00f6kenli psikiyatri profes\u00f6r\u00fc&nbsp;Nossrat Peseschkian oluyor. Pozitif psikoloji ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kurucusu olan Peseschkian do\u011fu ve&nbsp;bat\u0131&nbsp;toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ncelik de\u011ferleri \u00fczerinden anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan birisi. Kendisinin \u201cdenge modeli\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi de\u011ferler tablosunda 4 \u00f6nemli ihtiya\u00e7 bulunuyor: i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131, sosyal ya\u015fam, beden-sa\u011fl\u0131k, maneviyat. Peseschkian`a g\u00f6re&nbsp;bat\u0131&nbsp;toplumlar\u0131 is ya\u015fam\u0131 ve beden-sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken, do\u011fu toplumlar\u0131 sosyal ya\u015fam ve maneviyat\u0131 \u00f6nemsiyor. Bu ihtiya\u00e7lar \u00fczerindeki dengesizlik her iki toplum i\u00e7inde tehlikeler yaratmakta ve psikosomatik-somatik-psikolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n da geli\u015fme nedenini olu\u015fturuyor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re psikologlar derne\u011finin \u00f6zellikle \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fu ve uyu\u015fturucu-ila\u00e7-alkol ve benzeri maddelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131ndaki yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan veriler Peseschkian`in tezlerini do\u011fruluyor: i\u015f (okul) ya\u015fam\u0131nda y\u00fckselen beklentiler, anlams\u0131zl\u0131k ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 insanlar\u0131n ortak paydalar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sahip olmak ya da olmak<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Psikolojiye ilgi duyan herkesin el kitabi olan Erich Fromm`un \u201cSahip olmak ya da olmak\u201d eseri bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 y\u0131l \u00f6nce&nbsp;bat\u0131&nbsp;toplumundaki geli\u015fen anlams\u0131zl\u0131k duygusunun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izer. Makinele\u015fen toplum zaman\u0131n esiri, esirli\u011fi ise zaman\u0131 dolduracak anlams\u0131z u\u011fra\u015f\u0131da bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Romal\u0131 \u015fair Horaz`in \u201ccarpe diem\u201d dedi\u011fi ve \u201cg\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc l\u00fcks\u00fcz ve basit bir hayat olarak an\u0131nda ya\u015fa\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bug\u00fcn \u201cg\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn et\u201d olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 tesad\u00fcf say\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnyaca sayg\u0131 duyulan bir isim olan Alman psikiyatrist ve n\u00f6robilimci Manfred Spitzer \u201cyaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ad\u0131koyulmam\u0131\u015f ve&nbsp;bat\u0131&nbsp;toplumlar\u0131ndaki en yayg\u0131n hastal\u0131k olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm m\u00fc? \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in Erich Fromm`un kitabini okuyabilirsiniz. Ama \u00f6zetlersek: her \u015feyin \u00e7o\u011fu zarar&#8230; Peki az\u0131 yarar m\u0131? Bana sorarsan\u0131z az\u0131 da zarar\u2026 Ortas\u0131, yani Peseschkian`in da dedi\u011fi gibi i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131nda, sosyal ya\u015famda, beden-sa\u011fl\u0131kta, maneviyatta tam ortay\u0131 tutturmak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ALMAK YA DA ALMAMAK: UYUSTURUCU VE YENI HAYAT \u0130svi\u00e7re ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gelirde oldu\u011fu gibi ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na kokain kullan\u0131m\u0131nda da d\u00fcnyada&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik-ve-toplum"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/balance-modell.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":101,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions\/101"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psikoloji.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}